Tag: ubuntu

  • I upgraded Ubuntu 22.04 to 24.04

    I read an article on Hacker News about a guy who ran Ubuntu 16.04 for 10 years and moved over to FreeBSD. Then I rememebered, I have an Ubuntu Server running. And it has been running for a while now.

    I have been keeping it up-to-date, but it was still Ubuntu 22.04, with the latest long-term support released from Ubuntu being 26.04. So I decided it was time to do the dreaded release-upgrade.

    Why do I say “dreaded”? Well, things have broken in the past, and I was sure something would break again. It almost always do.

    So, the first step was to take a full backup. I run it as a virtual machine on VMware ESXi, but since I have had some issues in the past with the snapshot feature, I have learned not to use it, but instead make a copy of the files manually.

    After making sure that every package was up-to-date, and the machine rebooted, I ran do-release-upgrade and let it do it’s thing. I was surprised that most things just worked after the upgrade. But some small things showed up:

    1. Python 2.7 was removed, so some home made scripts stopped working. I need to fix this at some point in the future, maybe.
    2. PHP was disabled for users, that is for files in the public_html directory.
    3. Apache 2.4 (I came from 2.2) introduced some new rules replacing “Order allow, deny” and “Allow from all” with “Require all granted” (or denied, or somewhere in between).

    One side effect, which I spent a lot of time on in Apache configuration files, was that I was not allowed to view files in a subfolder under public_html. But in the end it turned out to be because of PHP being disabled, and this blocked indexing of subdirectories. Viewing the files with a full URL worked, except for PHP files.

    So far everything seems to be running fine, but it will be interesting to see if Certbot is running as it should, because I have a vague memory that this broke when upgrading to 22.04 a few years back.

    I do plan to run another do-release-upgrade to get it up to 26.04, but once I got 24.04 to run as expected, I did not want to ruin it well knowing I did not have the time to take a new backup and fix potential issues.

    All in all, the upgrade was a success. Almost no issues at all.

  • Adobe Air – Open URLs in default browser

    For the last few days I’ve been fighting TweetDeck on my laptop trying to get it to open web pages in Opera. A small, but fast browser, from the Norwegian company with the same name.

    At first I thought that Opera wasn’t my default browser in Gnome. I’m currently using Linux Mint, a distribution based on Ubuntu. So I checked the “Preferences->Preferred Applications” and made sure Opera was the default application for browsing the web. I also checked with “gconf-editor” just to be safe that Opera was set as default browser.

    Having checked all this. I did a few tests and found out that Opera was indeed the default application for surfing the web. So the problem had to be limited to TweetDeck or Adobe AIR.

    Now. I checked all the xml-files regarding Adobe AIR and TweetDeck, I even installed SQLite3 to read the database file for TweetDeck in my home directory. No luck.

    But the Internet is a collection of tubes amazing and brilliant people. So I searched and found Andrea Olivato, which in turned had found the solution to my (and many others) problem. He discovered that Adobe AIR has hard-coded firefox as default browser in libCore.so, which (usually) can be found in /opt/Adobe AIR/Versions/1.0.

    The solution

    His solution to the problem was to open libCore.so with vim, or any other editor for that matter, and search for the word “firefox”. Ok, he writes that he jumps directly to line 15500, but this might change. But then again, maybe Adobe will make it work in the future. Anyway. He replaced “firefox” with “browser”, which is the same length. Very important. And created a symlink from his favourite browser to, well, browser.

    In my case:

    ln -s /usr/bin/opera /usr/local/browser

    I noticed that in libCore.so, Adobe has a reference to /desktop/gnome/url-handlers/http/command, which is the registry setting for Gnome when it comes to default browser. Why this isn’t used I don’t understand. Perhaps the hard-coded firefox is a backup solution in case AIR fails to retrieve the information from the registry.

  • Upgrading Ubuntu 6.06 LTS to 8.04 LTS

    Today I upgraded from Ubuntu 6.06 to 8.04. The process was fairly painless thanks to a guide I found floating around on the Internet by Ronald Bruintjes. Thanks!

    I thought about posting it here, but that wouldn’t be fair to the author. So, please visit his site for more information.

    However, be prepared to answer some questions regarding different configuration files. More specifically if you want to keep the original, or overwrite with a new one. I myself have edited a quite a few configuration files over the last year, so I had to do a manual screening before I decided what to do.

  • Threepwood Goes to VMware ESXi

    My home server, Threepwood, named after the main character in the popular game series “Monkey Island”, has finally taken the step out of this world and into the virtual space.

    For a few years it resided within a Compaq Proliant 400 with whooping 384MB of RAM and 450MHz CPU. Running Ubuntu Linux, this has actually been enough for most of the tasks. It has mainly been used to host a few blogs, my brother and mine, thus running Apache2, MySQL and PHP5.

    Now that I’ve got VMware ESXi running, I decided it was time to move already. To move it I used VMware Converter, which can move physical machines into VMware ESX and ESXi while the source machine is online. To minimize data loss I stopped the Apache and MySQL services.

    The conversion took about 1 hour, but then again I only had a 40GB hard drive, so times may vary depending on hard drive size and network capabilities.

    After the conversion I took the time to upgrade the kernel and other packages. Until today my server had 294 days uptime, so one might say it was due for a new kernel. I also gave it some more memory to play with, 1596MB to be exact, and a 2.40GHz CPU.

    Yeah, I know. I’m spoiling him.

  • Different Fan Behaviour on ThinkPad X61 than X31

    Since I got my new Lenovo ThinkPad X61, I have discovered that the CPU fan is behaving rather differently than the one I have in my IBM ThinkPad X31. That is the fan makes a lot more noise when idle on the X61.

    For the record. I’m running Ubunty Hardy (8.04) on the X61 and Ubuntu Gutsy (7.04) on the X31. Both 32-bit systems.

    The first thing I did was checking Launchpad.net for any known bugs. I found bug 224876 to be promising, it’s titled “Hardy does not control the CPU fan properly.”
    After reading this thread I ran the tests described myself, which gave these results.

    Machine temperature and fan speed when idle (X61):

    $ cat /proc/acpi/thermal_zone/THM0/temperature
    temperature: 41 C
    $ cat /proc/acpi/thermal_zone/THM1/temperature
    temperature: 42 C
    $ cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
    status: enabled
    speed: 3207
    level: auto

    After 5 minutes of “yes | sha512sum” (X61):

    $ cat /proc/acpi/thermal_zone/THM0/temperature
    temperature: 76 C
    $ cat /proc/acpi/thermal_zone/THM1/temperature
    temperature: 78 C
    $ cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
    status: enabled
    speed: 3242
    level: auto

    As you can see there is as good as no change in the fan speed.
    However; doing the same check on my older, one core, IBM ThinkPad X31.
    I get this results:

    Machine temperature and fan speed when idle (X31):


    $ cat /proc/acpi/thermal_zone/THM0/temperature
    temperature: 44 C
    $ cat /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
    status: enabled
    speed: 0
    level: auto

    Actually, the fan doesn’t start until the temperature reach 68 degrees Celsius. Then it will speeds up to around ~3500 rpm, thus keeping the processor at around 70 degrees Celsius during “yes | sha512sum”.

    My question is: Why does the fan constantly run on the X61? Is it really necessary to keep the processor cool? I must say I prefer the silence of the X31 when I’m just browsing the web.

    Karl Trygve has suggested that this is a result of a new design team and BIOS which is more restrictive than the one found on the X31.